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Emergency
trauama
fat embolism
A 28-year-old woman is admitted to the surgical intensive care unit after being involved in a high-impact pedestrian-vehicle collision, resulting in comminuted fractures of both tibias, the right femur, and pelvic rami. On admission, she was conscious, hemodynamically stable, and received initial fracture stabilization. Approximately 36 hours later, she develops acute onset confusion, profound dyspnea, and a generalized rash. She is agitated and disoriented, with a GCS of 10. Despite 100% oxygen via non-rebreather mask, her arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) remains at 58 mmHg. Physical examination reveals numerous non-blanching, pinpoint petechiae across her chest, neck, and upper extremities. Her breath sounds are diminished bilaterally with scattered crackles. A STAT chest X-ray shows diffuse bilateral infiltrates. Given these findings, what is the most likely diagnosis, and what immediate management strategy should be initiated?
| Lab Parameter | Value | Reference Range |
|---|---|---|
| Hemoglobin | 10.5 g/dL | 12-16 g/dL |
| White Blood Cell Count | 14,500/uL | 4,000-11,000/uL |
| Platelets | 130,000/uL | 150,000-450,000/uL |
| Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - pH | 7.32 | 7.35-7.45 |
| Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - PaCO2 | 48 mmHg | 35-45 mmHg |
| Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - PaO2 | 58 mmHg | 80-100 mmHg |
| Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - HCO3 | 24 mEq/L | 22-26 mEq/L |
| C-reactive Protein | 85 mg/L | <10 mg/L |
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