trauama/fat embolism

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Emergency

trauama

fat embolism

A 28-year-old woman is admitted to the surgical intensive care unit after being involved in a high-impact pedestrian-vehicle collision, resulting in comminuted fractures of both tibias, the right femur, and pelvic rami. On admission, she was conscious, hemodynamically stable, and received initial fracture stabilization. Approximately 36 hours later, she develops acute onset confusion, profound dyspnea, and a generalized rash. She is agitated and disoriented, with a GCS of 10. Despite 100% oxygen via non-rebreather mask, her arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) remains at 58 mmHg. Physical examination reveals numerous non-blanching, pinpoint petechiae across her chest, neck, and upper extremities. Her breath sounds are diminished bilaterally with scattered crackles. A STAT chest X-ray shows diffuse bilateral infiltrates. Given these findings, what is the most likely diagnosis, and what immediate management strategy should be initiated?

Lab ParameterValueReference Range
Hemoglobin10.5 g/dL12-16 g/dL
White Blood Cell Count14,500/uL4,000-11,000/uL
Platelets130,000/uL150,000-450,000/uL
Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - pH7.327.35-7.45
Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - PaCO248 mmHg35-45 mmHg
Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - PaO258 mmHg80-100 mmHg
Arterial Blood Gas (on 100% O2) - HCO324 mEq/L22-26 mEq/L
C-reactive Protein85 mg/L<10 mg/L

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